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ADHD and Anxiety Medication Anxiety disorders are frequently co-occurring with ADHD. Anxiety can cause restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia. Stimulant medication can help ease these symptoms However, they can cause adverse effects, such as the development of tics and minor reduction in growth in children and adolescents. Some people also find that their anxiety increases when taking stimulant medication. Stimulants The use of stimulants is to treat ADHD and Narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. They are available in capsules, tablets, chunky clear crystals or a white or brown powder. Large doses of stimulants can create over-stimulation and cause anxiety and panic attacks, stomach cramps or paranoia. Long-term stimulant use can result in addiction and serious adverse effects such as heart problems stroke, high pressure and heart problems. The medications that are typically prescribed to treat ADHD also have a proven track record for alleviating the symptoms of anxiety. They are effective by boosting brain chemical like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. These are lower in ADHD patients. This increases the activity and communication of parts of the brain which control attention and executive functions. This results in increased control of impulses and anxiety symptoms diminishing. Both atomoxetine (as as methylphenidate) reduce anxiety symptoms in adults with ADHD who also have anxiety disorders. Anxiety symptom improvement was seen as early as the fourth week of treatment for both drugs and the effect was sustained through 8 weeks of treatment. It is important to keep in mind that the type of medication that may be most effective in treating anxiety and ADHD co-occurring symptoms might depend on which disorder has the greatest impact on a person's quality of life. One may experience numerous mini-crises that cause worry in a regular manner as they rush to make appointments or keep up with assignments at school or at work. These can be extremely stressful and cause people to feel anxious on a more frequent basis than the symptoms of a particular phobia or panic attack would. In these situations, antidepressants, or SSRIs are the best choice to treat anxiety-related symptoms. They have been proven effective at reducing anxiety levels in adults. They are administered orally and may take some time to take effect. The most commonly used choices are selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), such as Sertraline, Fluoxetine, and serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitions (SNRIs), such as duloxetine and venlafaxine. These are often taken alongside cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety and are especially useful when a patient is suffering from an elevated heart rate or blood pressure. SSRIs Antidepressants, including SSRIs (antidepressant medications), are often used to treat anxiety disorders. Prozac is the first drug of this class is fluoxetine. The SSRIs are also effective in treating depression, post-traumatic disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. These medications are more flexible than previous versions of antidepressants. Additionally, they have fewer and fewer dangerous side effects. The SSRIs inhibit serotonin's reuptake at synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter in the synapse to remain active and communicate with the post synaptic cells more than is the case with other neurotransmitters. This can increase norepinephrine output, which can reduce anxiety symptoms. This can also increase levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP) and stimulate the synthesis of proteins. They also decrease the impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve sleep quality and decrease anxiety for those with ADHD. These medications can, however increase the risk of suicidal behaviour and thoughts among some people. They may also increase appetite and weight gain when they first begin. Another kind of antidepressant, known as SNRIs, functions differently than SSRIs. SNRIs hinder the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Like SSRIs, they can have an effect on anxiety, but they also enhance the functioning of the heart muscle and the blood vessels, which can reduce feelings of anxiety and stress. They also can enhance the mood of adults with bipolar disorder. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) Venlafaxine, Duloxetine (Cymbalta), (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most common SNRIs. The SNRIs can increase blood pressure in certain individuals therefore they are not recommended for anyone with high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease. There are many behavioral treatments for anxiety and ADHD that can be utilized alongside medication. Meditation and mindfulness techniques can reduce anxiety and stress. Some people find that tapping certain body points or techniques for emotional freedom helps reduce cortisol which is the hormone responsible for anxiety. Exercise and diet can also reduce anxiety. Your doctor may suggest that you consume whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and to avoid sugar, since it can cause anxiety in some ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant-based medications While stimulants are highly effective in treating ADHD and have been studied extensively however they are not the best choice for people who suffer from anxiety and ADHD. Stimulant medications may cause adverse effects such as jitteriness, rapid heart rate, and nervousness that may resemble or exacerbate anxiety symptoms. Non-stimulant medications are a more recent option that has been used to treat ADHD since 2002 (under the brand name Strattera). They do not raise blood pressure or heart rate and are less likely than stimulant drugs to cause anxiety-related side effects like sweating, shaking, or nervousness. Atomoxetine targets receptors for norepinephrine, which is a brain chemical that can enhance attention and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. It has also been shown to improve anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents with ADHD. Researchers gathered articles on clinical research from PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO to find out whether atomoxetine helped reduce anxiety in children and adolescents with ADHD. Another medication that can be effective in helping with anxiety symptoms is bupropion which targets the brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is usually prescribed to people who have ADHD and depression. adult adhd medication can also improve mood and decrease anxiety symptoms. It is generally recommended to treat anxiety first before tackling ADHD. This will usually make the anxiety symptoms disappear. In some cases anxiety symptoms in ADHD children may be the cause of their anxiety. Psychostimulants and cognitive-behavioral treatments are generally the most effective treatment options for anxiety in this scenario. These treatments can help reduce ADHD symptoms and anxiety by addressing the root causes of the issue. Antidepressants are also prescribed to those who have ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants that target the brain chemical Serotonin can alleviate anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft, Lexapro and Sertraline. Your doctor will ultimately determine which medication is most suitable for you. Before recommending a medication they will take into consideration your lifestyle, symptoms, age, along with other health issues. It is very important to discuss your treatment goals with your physician and adhere to a daily schedule while taking any medication. Other options Depending on your unique health goals, there are other treatment options that may also help you manage ADHD and anxiety. These include mindfulness yoga, meditation yoga, yoga, tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques), sleep, nutrition, exercise and healthy eating habits. Dr. Hallowell says that people who suffer from anxiety are more likely to develop symptoms of ADHD, which makes it difficult to treat both conditions simultaneously. He typically prescribes stimulants first to treat ADHD and then shifts to non-stimulant drugs like bupropion, atomoxetine, or guanfacine, for anxiety disorders. These work around the clock and are not controlled substances like stimulants.